Modern Intel processors
Author: Date: 14.03.2007
|
|
We are presenting some reference information on Intel's CPUs, chipsets, and platforms topical for the "spring/summer 2007" season. This is not the first roundup material of the kind on our site - for instance, in autumn 2005 the article Intel processors today and tomorrow had an immense success, and quite recently we published something similar about 3D graphics - Modern graphic processors - 2007. As the practice has shown, our readers are not only interested in reviews only, but primarily in the exhaustive set of reference data collected in one place and, preferably, regularly updated.
Starting with this publication onwards and meeting the desires of our readers, we intend to present to your attention a complete and varied reference information in a tabular form on processors and not only on them. In view of the huge amount of data to be processed, at this stage we decided to confine to only Intel CPUs for desktop and mobile systems,.leaving out [for now] the server sector. Anyway, the pattern of Intel platforms is not complete without server solutions, that is why the come up in some tables.
Also, for the purpose of expediency, we have included only the processors topical today or in only the nearest future, and only their key specifications. Perhaps with time we'll get round to a complete listing of chip identifications and even go deep into the past presenting you a full history of the CPUs – despite the little importance of this information from the modern practical viewpoint, such data is anyway important in some specific cases like upgrade, historical research, etc.
Needless to say, the information presented in the tables is getting outdated almost every day. Hardly more than a month passes and new processors emerge (quite possibly, some of the newly released have not been included into the table through our oversight); at the same time, subscription on Intel product line updates regularly brings data of another CPU model phasing out on the grounds of restructuring the production lines for newer chips.
If the initiative proves to be in demand, we'll proceed with the publications, and first of all we'll be preparing reference materials on those computer components and products which are of most interest among the readers.
Most probably, the most practical way of maintaining such reference information will be its regular update - say, once a season (spring/autumn), on a quarterly or monthly basis. At the same time, we would be indeed appreciated to our readers for support of this project. We would welcome your remarks on noticed errors and omissions, your suggestions and ideas on improving the form of presentation of data, and your requests for desired data, so that we could jointly make an exhaustive and handy reference resource.
Another thing to note. From time to time, the tables present names of not yet officially presented Intel's future CPUs, chipsets, platforms and architectures. Of course, this info is unofficial and is included into the data as a reference point (not a guideline).
Marking of modern Intel processors
Just to warm up - a few words on the marking of Intel's modern processors. I presume, the pinout of the new processors is clear - it is the well-known and familiar LGA775. All the more or less modern Intel CPU models - both high-end and mainstream - have long migrated to LGA775.
But the marking of CPUs has undergone serious changes and now is made up of 5 elements - a combination of the letter prefix followed by a 4-digit numerical index. It makes sense decoding the 5-digit marking of Intel CPUs with the letter index which identifies the TDP of the processor, without any relation to the form factor.
Letter indices in modern 5-digit marking of Intel's CPUs
|
X
|
TDP over 75W |
E
|
TDP 50W and higher |
T
|
TDP within 25W to 49W |
L
|
TDP within 15W to 24W |
U
|
TDP about 14W and less |
In its turn, the 4-digit index also has the following meaning: the higher the 4-digit number in the CPU marking, the higher performance and power consumption it offers. At the same time, the first digit means the belonging of the chip to a certain product family, and the second one stands for the respective ranking within the family. Therefore, the greater the figure is, the higher is the performance of the chip.
Here are a few examples of how the marking of modern processors looks and what stands behind the notation:
- Core 2 Extreme X6800 – 2.93 GHz, 4 MB L2 cache, 1066 MHz FSB
- Core 2 Duo E6600 – 2.4 GHz, 4 MB L2 cache, 1066 MHz FSB
- Core 2 Duo E6400 – 2.13 GHz, 2 MB L2 cache, 1066 MHz FSB
- Core Duo T2500 – 2 GHz, 2 MB L2 cache, 667 MHz FSB
- Core Duo U2500 – 1.06 GHz, 2 MB L2 cache, 533 MHz FSB
Then, there follows a list of key connectors and contact systems for Intel processors. Incomplete, of course. In future, it is planned to add all the types of contact systems for Intel CPUs, including the options for onboard soldering.
Key connectors/contact systems of Intel CPUs
|
Socket-W
|
Socket 423 (for desktop PCs. Taken out of production) |
Socket-N
|
Socket 478 (for desktop PCs. Taken out of production) |
Socket-F
|
Socket 603 (for server systems) |
Socket-T
|
LGA775 (Land Grid Array. T - Tejas) |
Socket-C
|
The socket was originally planned for use with Cedar Mill. Cancelled. |
Marking of modern Intel processors
The table collects the so-called "working names" of Intel CPUs for desktop PCs which are used unofficially before the date of announcement, together with the matching names of Intel's micro-architectures and the retail names of the chips.
Processors for desktop PCs
|
NetBurst micro-architecture (Pentium 4)
|
CedarMill |
65 nm Pentium 4 |
CedarMill-V |
65 nm Celeron |
Smithfield |
90 nm Pentium D 8xx |
Presler |
65 nm Pentium D 9xx |
Core (Conroe) micro-architecture
|
Conroe |
65 nm Core (Merom) |
Allendale |
Advanced Conroe core |
Millville |
Next generation of Conroe core |
Wolfdale |
Next generation of Conroe core |
Nehalem |
New generation of the Conroe architecture with support for EM64T |
The same - working names of Intel CPUs with the matching names of micro-architectures and the retail names of the chips, for mobile PCs.
Intel CPUs for mobile and economy systems
|
Banias micro-architecture
|
Banias |
0.13 mk Pentium M/Celeron M |
Dothan |
90 nm generation of Pentium M/Celeron M |
Yonah-2P |
65 nm generation dual-core CPUs |
Core (Yonah, Merom) micro-architecture
|
Yonah-DC (Yonah-2P) |
Dual-core 65 nm version of Core Duo |
Yonah-SC (Yonah-1P) |
Single-core 65 nm version of Core Solo CPUs |
Yonah-2D |
Alternative name Yonah-DC (Dothan Core) |
Merom |
New 65 nm generation of Core micro-architecture |
Penryn |
45 nm version of Merom core |
Gilo |
A new generation of the Core micro-architecture expected after the Merom |
For reference - the same regarding the names Intel CPUs for server systems. Here is a complete list of CPUs of the recent years, including chips of the IA64 Itanium architecture.
Intel CPUs for server systems and workstations
|
Pentium 4 architecture
|
Foster |
0.18 mk Xeon (based on the Willamette core) |
Foster MP |
0.18 mk Xeon MP with L3 cache |
Gallatin |
0.13 mk Xeon MP with L3 cache |
Prestonia |
0.13 mk Xeon DP |
Nocona |
90 nm Xeon DP (based on the Prescott core) |
Irwindale |
90 nm Xeon DP with 2 MB L2 cache |
Cranford |
90 nm Xeon MP (based on the Nocona core) with 1 MB L2 cache |
Potomac |
90 nm Xeon MP with L3 cache |
Jayhawk |
Xeon DP based on Tejas (cancelled) |
Paxville MP |
Dual-core 90 nm Xeon MP |
Paxville DP |
Dual-core 90 nm Xeon DP |
Dempsey |
Dual-core 90 nm Xeon DP (2 cores per chip) |
Tulsa |
65 nm version of dual-core server CPUs |
Conroe/Merom/Yonah architecture
|
Sossaman |
Dual-core 65 nm DP Xeon LV (on the base of the Yonah DC core) |
Woodcrest |
Dual-core 65 nm Xeon DP |
Whitefield |
Generic design of 65 nm 4-core Xeon MP CPU (cancelled) |
Tigerton |
Quad-core 65 nm Xeon MP |
Dunnington |
Quad-core 45 nm Xeon MP |
Clovertown |
Quad-core 65 nm CPU |
IA-64 architecture
|
Merced |
First generation of the Itanium architecture |
McKinley |
0.18 mk Itanium 2 |
Madison |
0.13 nm Itanium 2 |
Deerfield |
0.13 nm LV Itanium 2 |
Madison 9M |
0.13 nm Itanium 2 with 9 MB L3 cache |
Fanwood |
0.13 nm Itanium 2 with 4 MB L3 cache |
LV Fanwood |
0.13 nm LV Itanium 2 |
Chivano |
New generation of the IA-64 architecture based on the Madison (cancelled) |
Montecito |
Dual-core 90 nm version of Itanium 2 MP/DP |
Millington |
Dual-core 90 nm version of IA-64 DP (cancelled) |
LV Millington |
90 nm LV DP IA-64 (cancelled) |
Montvale |
Dual-core 65 nm IA-64 |
Tukwila |
Quad-core 65 nm MP IA-64 |
Tanglewood |
Updated design of Tukwila |
Dimona |
65 nm version of DP IA-64 |
Poulson |
8-core 45 nm MP IA-64 |
In view of Intel's new marketing strategy aimed primarily at the promotion of comprehensive platform solutions (and not specific components as before),it is indeed topical to include a list of working names of platforms within which Intel is generating hardware-software systems for desktop, mobile, and server systems.
Intel's platform technologies
|
Desktop platforms
|
Lyndon |
Corporate platform of year 2005 |
Anchor Creek |
Entertainment household platform of year 2005 |
Averill |
Corporate platform of year 2006 |
Bridge Creek |
Entertainment household platform of year 2006 |
Intel Viiv |
Entertainment household platform |
Intel vPro |
Corporate platform |
Mobile system platforms
|
Carmel |
Centrino, based on Odem/Montara |
Sonoma |
Centrino-2005, based on the Alviso chipset |
Napa |
Centrino-2006, based on the Calistoga chipset |
Napa SC |
Centrino-2006, single-core design based on the Calistoga |
Napa DC |
Centrino Duo - 2006, dual-core version based on Calistoga |
Napa 64 |
Napa version based on the Merom core |
Santa Rosa |
Version of Centrino Duo (Centrino Pro?) based on Crestline, 2007 |
Montevina |
Improved economy version Santa Rosa, plus SFF, DX9, HDCP for HDMI, DVI and UDI; Robson 2.0, VT, and Intel Trusted Execution Technology; support for HD DVD and Blu-ray; Penryn CPUs, chipsets Cantiga GM and PM. Second half of 2008 |
Platforms for server systems and workstations
|
Truland |
Platform IA-32 MP for servers based on the NetBurst architecture, year 2005 |
Gallaway |
Platform IA-32 UP for workstations, year 2005 |
Bensley |
Platform IA-32 DP for servers, year 2006 |
Bensley-VS |
Platform IA-32 DP for servers, year 2006 |
Glidewell |
Platform IA-32 DP for workstations, year 2006 |
Kaylo |
Platform IA-32 UP for servers, year 2006 |
Wyloway |
Platform IA-32 UP for workstations, year 2006 |
Reidland |
Platform IA-32 MP for servers, year 2007 |
Richford |
Platform IA-64 MP for servers based on the Tukwila, year 2008 |
Thurley |
Platform for mainstream IA-32 MP servers based on Gainestown CPUs with integrated 6-channel DDR3 800/1066/1333 controller, with support for 42 PCI Express lanes (36 of them - PCI E 2.0), based on the Tylersburg-DP chipset with support for six SAS/SATA 3 GB/s ports with the hardware RAID 5 (Sunrise Lake), Dual GbE (Zoar/Adorami) and 10 GbE (Oplin), iAMT 3.0. Second half of 2008 |
It is not easy to make a decision regarding Intel's chipsets which are of no real interest to the modern buyer. The modern buyer is heterogeneous.
Intel chipsets
|
For Intel Pentium 4/Celeron
|
Tehama |
Intel 850 |
Brookdale-SDRAM |
Version of Intel 845 with support for SDRAM |
Brookdale-DDR |
Version of Intel 845 with support for DDR SDRAM |
Brookdale-E |
Intel 845E |
Brookdale-G |
Intel 845G |
Brookdale-GL |
Intel 845GL |
Tehama-E |
Intel 850E |
Tulloch |
Chipset with support for RDRAM (cancelled) |
Canterwood |
Intel 875P |
Springdale-PE |
Intel 865PE |
Springdale-G |
Intel 865G |
Springdale-P |
Intel 865P |
Alderwood |
Intel 925X |
Alderwood 1066 |
Intel 925XE (with support for 1066 MHz FSB) |
Grantsdale-P |
Intel 915P |
Grantsdale-G |
Intel 915G |
Grantsdale-GV |
Intel 915GV |
Grantsdale-GL |
Intel 910GL |
Glenwood |
Intel 955X |
Wyloway |
Intel 975X/XE Express for high-end PC |
Lakeport-P |
Intel 945P |
Lakeport-G |
Intel 945G |
Broadwater GC |
Integrated Intel G965 for household PC |
Broadwater P |
Discrete Intel P965 for household PC |
Broadwater G |
Integrated Intel Q965 for corporate PC |
Broadwater GF |
Integrated Intel Q963 for corporate PC |
Bearlake |
Future model of year 2007 (with support for DDR3) |
For mobile systems
|
Banister |
Intel 440MX |
Almador-M |
Intel 830M (for Tualatin M) |
Greendale |
Mobile chipset with support for RDRAM (cancelled) |
Brookdale-M |
Intel 845MP |
Brookdale-MZ |
Intel 845MZ |
Odem |
Intel 855PM |
Montara-GM |
Intel 855GM |
Montara-GM+ |
Intel 855GME |
Montara-GML |
Intel 852GM |
Montara-GT |
Intel 852GME |
Montara-P |
Intel 852PM |
Montara-GML+ |
Intel 852GMV |
Alviso-GM |
Intel 915GM |
Alviso-PM |
Intel 915PM |
Alviso-GMS |
Intel 915GMS |
Alviso-GML |
Intel 910GML |
Calistoga-GM |
Intel 945GM |
Calistoga-PM |
Intel 945PM |
Calistoga-GMS |
Intel 945GM |
Calistoga-GML |
Intel 945GML |
Crestline |
Chipset of year 2006 for the Merom core |
Calexico |
Intel PRO/Wireless 2100 adapter |
Calexico2 |
Intel PRO/Wireless 2200 adapter |
Golan |
Intel PRO/Wireless 3945ABG adapter |
Gaston |
Wireless adapter of year 2005 (cancelled) |
For server systems and workstations
|
Carmel |
Intel 840 |
Colusa |
Intel 860 |
Canterwood-ES |
Intel E7210 (for UP servers) |
Copper River |
Intel E7221 (for UP servers with support for PCI Express) |
Granite Bay |
Intel E7205 (for UP workstations) |
Plumas |
Intel E7500/7501 (for DP systems) |
Placer |
Intel E7505 (for DP workstations) |
Lindenhurst |
Intel E7520 (for DP workstations with support for PCI Express) |
Lindenhurst-VS |
Intel E7320 (for DP systems with support for PCI Express) |
Twincastle |
Intel E8500 (for MP servers with support for PCI Express) |
Tumwater |
Intel E7525 (for DP workstations with support for PCI Express) |
Blackford |
Intel 5000P (chipset for DP servers with support for FB-DIMM) |
Blackford-VS |
Intel 5000V (chipset for DP servers with support for FB-DIMM) |
Greencreek |
Intel 5000X (chipset for DP workstations with support for FB-DIMM) |
Mukilteo |
Intel E7230 (chipset for UP servers with support for PCI Express) |
Mukilteo-2/P |
Year 2006 version for UP servers with support for PCI Express |
We now move on to the specifications of CPUs directly.
Next
|
Content: |
|
|
|
Top Stories: |
|
|
|
MoBo:
|
|
|
|
VGA Card:
|
|
|
|
CPU & Memory:
|
|
|